Abrading brush



April 11, 1933. c. E. STURGIS ABRADING BRUSH Filed Aug. 15, 1930 4Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR Lay cl) yr fifl Z5; ATTQRN EY April 11, 1933. c.E. STURGIS 1,903,520

ABRADING' BRUSH Filed Aug. 13,1950 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 wall, 4

INVENTOR 01mm 6 xsfiauigdy 7L5 ATTORNEY C. E. STURGIS ABRADING BRUSHApril -1 1,- 1933.

Filed Aug.l5, 1950 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 R O M. W 1 w W Z143 ATTORNEY April11, 1933. E. STURGIS ABRADING BRUSH Filed. Aug 15, 1950 4 Sheet-Sheet 44for each other.

vention is to providean abrading brush havof coiled bristles.

" brush embodying the present Patented Apr. 11, 1933 i UNITED STATES:PATENT, OFFICE, l

cHAnLnsn. STURGIS, or ROCHESTER, iinw YoRmAssIenon or ONE-HALF :roWADDEL r. nnnnns, or nocnns'rnmnnw YORK AB ADING BRUSH Applicationfiled. August 13, 1930. Serial 110.474,!308.

The present invention relates to abrading brushes, and an object thereofis to provide a construction which will employ coiled wire as itsbristles to obtain the maximum abrading action while giving durabilityto the brush. Still another object of the inventionis to associatebristles of coiled wires in tufts or groups in such a manner that thebristles of each group or tuft acts as supports A further object of theining coiled bristles so mounted as to confine the abrading actionsubstantially to the free ends of the coils. the invention is to sosupport coiled bristles that the crystallization of the bristles isdelayed to give longer life to the brush. Another and further object ofthe'invention is to provide a novel method of forming a tuft Stillanother and further objectis to provide novel supporting means for thebrush tufts. V

In these and other ends, the invention consists of certain parts andcombinations of parts all of which will be herein-after de;

scribed, the novel features being pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings: V r Fig. 1 is a side View of a hand abrading invention;Fig. 2 is a bottom view; Fig. 3 is a perspective View of the anchor ingplate or member used in the embodiment shown in Figs. 1 and 2; Fig. 4 isa vertical section through one of the tuft elements;

, Fig. 5 is a bottom view of one of the tuft elements; i

Fig. 6 is an enlarged fragmentary, sectional view of one of the tuftelements;

' Fig. 7 is an axial section through a rotary abrading brush embodyingthe present in-' vention, the tuft element being also modified;

Fig. 8 is aside view with parts broken away of the brush shown in Fig. V

w F igsn 9 and 10 are fragmentary detail views of the brush shown inFigs. 7 and 8;

Figs. 11, 12,- 13 and Mare fragmentary views of different modificationsof the coiled i bristles I A still further object ofv Figs. 15 and16 areviews showing steps in the method of making the tuft element;

Fig. 17. is a perspective view of the bristle holding cap before it isapplied to a tuft of bristles. i

Fig. 18 isa side View of the tools by which the bristles are assembledin the cap before the cap is fitted to the bristles; Fig. 19 shows thetools in vertical section with the cap fitted to the tuft of bristles;

Fig. 20 shows the manner in which the bris tles are distorted .at theirthem in the caps;

Fig. 21- is a bottom view of another embodiment of the'invention; 1

Fig. 22 is a vertical section of the embodi upper ends to hold 7 ment ofthe invention shown in Fig. 21; and r Fig. 23 is a view. of anotherembodiment of the tufts in which the bristles are soldered together. i 1

In-the illustrated embodiments of the invention, the abrading brush hasbristles in the form of closely wound wire coils arranged so that eachcoil has lateral support substantially throughout its length by othercoils; Pref-- erably the coils are arranged in groups or tufts in orderto give a. certain amount of lat-.. eral flexibility while providingspaces be; tween the groups or tufts in whichthecloose' material maypass.-. The lengths of the coils with reference to'the outsidediame'tersfarepreferably such that while flexing slightly during theabrading action the coils'will sup-J port each other. It is preferred toemploy a highlytempered steel wire such for instance outside diameter ofthirty-five thousandths of an inch to one eighth of an inch and hav 'asingle plane transversely ofthe coils and may be formed in various waysto obtain differentcutting actions In Fig. 11,1the coil '1 I hasan end 2which is ground to produce a knife edgefin Fig. 12 the end '2is'separated r w as a piano wire'wound foreXampleto an ofdifferent'diameters both in the coils and the Wire andarranged onewithin the other but wound in difierent directions thus providing twocutting points 2 and 2 The group or tuft arrangement of the coils may beobtained by providin for each group 7 a separate group holding device.Three examples of the holding device are shown, one

in the embodiment illustrated in Figs. 1 to 6 and another in-theconstruction shown n Figs. 7 to 22 and the third in Fig. 23. In theexample illustrated in Figs. 1. to 6,

the-group coils 1. are held at one end'b-y a cap which has its side orflange pressed inwardly and outwardly at 3 on an inward curve, the innerportion ofv the curve being spaced from the top of the cap and the outerportion 5 of the flange being substantially perpendicular to the top ofthe cap. The top of the cap is forced by pressure against the ends ofthe coils and causes said'ends to be placed under compression with thecap, caus-- 'ing'the ends of the outer coils to spread out- Wardlybeyond the sides of the group. The

group as shown at 7, Fi 's. 4 and central portion 6 of the top of thecap is not subjected to as much pressure as the marginal or edge portion4 with the result that the outer'coils are clamped or gripped betweenthe portion 4 and the curved portion 3 of the coils. While the flange ofthe cap is pressed tightly against the sides of the group of coils.it'is not so much this pressure of the'flange that secures the coils asit is the expansion or spreading of the cap adjacent its base and thecompression and spreading of the coils nto the expanded or spreadportion of the cap. This spreading may be assisted by elim: inating oneor more coils at the center'of the 5 and providing a central opening inthe cap with a surrounding inwardly extending flange 8 which willproject into the space provided elimination of the central coil, thisflange assisting in the spreading of the adjacent ends of the coils asat 9 and more effectively holding the group of. coils. The eliminationof the. central coil also gives greater flexibility to the group or tuftof coils and provides a space where fine particles may collect. It alsoserveas a feeding space for a lubricant fed through the opening in theholding cape" In the second example, the holding cap is the same exceptthat it does not have the central opening inits top, and the centralcoil is not removed from the group. This construction is preferably usedwhen greater rigidlt'y is desired in the grouper tuft of 0011s.

The third example of the tuft or group of bristles is shown in Fig. 23.In this construction the parallel arrangement of the bristles isobtainable in a more simple man- Mr and while the cap construction ispreferred in many instances, this modified form 7 has advantages. is Inthis modified form, the bristles are held in close parallel relation andare dipped in solder which flows between the coils and also into thecoils forming practically a homogeneous holding body at the upper endsof the coils. -This construction does not require the compression ofthe'coils.

A novel means which may be employed for making and attaching a cap tothe group of tuft or coils (see Figs. 15 to 20 inclusive) comprises, inthis instance, a holding tool in the form of an open ended sleeve ortube 10 of hard steel arranged in a carrier 11 and having its upp-er endflared at 12. A plunger or rod 13 is adjustable longitudinally in thecarrier 11 and. the sleeve 10 by means of a screw 14 engaging the lowerend of the plunger. The upper end of the plunger forms the bottom of achamber whose side walls are formed by the inner face of the sleeve 10.This chamber serves to receive and confine the group of coils while thecap is being applied thereto. With the endinview of fitting the group ofcoils in this chamber, the number of coils (previously determined) to beassembled in the group are 7 collected and an open split band 15 ispassed about them and clamped by pinchers or pliers 16 as shown in Fig.16 to close the band. The coils projectfrom one side of this band sothat their projecting portions may be introduced into the chamber of theholding tool. During their introduction'the split confining sleeve 15-isslipped off the group, the coils of which are caused to engage thebottom of the chamber. At this time the upper ends ofth-e coils in thegroup project slightly above'the top of the chamber and the upper "endof the sleeve 10. While in this position the group of coils has a capfitted thereover. The form of the V cap at this time is shown iniFig. 17Its V flange throughout the height thereof is perpendicular to the topof the cap or is of uni form diameter, the interior diameter being onlyslightly greater than the external diameter of the group or tuft ofcoils so that the cap fits snugly about the group of coils. The upperends of the coils abut the top of the cap while the free edge of theflange of the cap lies over the flared port-ion 12 of the sleeve 10.

Arranged to operate above the cap is a plung er die 17 (see Figs. 18 andl9) which has a slight depression 18 in theun-derside, the diameter ofthis depression being slightly less than the diameter of the cap shownin Fig. 17. When the two tools are forced together, the upper sideportion of the cap expands as shown in Fig. 20, the top of the cap isforced against the upper portions of the coils, and the portion iscompressed against the sides of the group of coils with the results thatthe upper ends of thecoils are compressed and deflected or spreadoutwardly, those portions adjacent the bulged portion of the cap bendinginto said bulged portion or in other Words being clamped or grippedbetween theportion 4 and the portion 3 of the cap. At

the same time, the group of coils are pressed together sidewise by theportion 5"Which enters the main bore of the sleeve 10. v '3 The sleeveholds the group of coils against distortion beyond the cap so thatthegroup has a substantially cylindrical form beyond the cap held in thisposition by the po'rtio'ng5 of the cap and each coil lies in abutmentwith the proximate coils substantially throughout its length and isthereby supported laterally.

Various means may be employed for sup-' porting the group or tuftelements "shown herein. However in each of the supporting means it ispreferred to employan anchoring device which will permit the groupelement 7 to turn or rotate therein and will act as a sup port for thecoils or bristles beyond the cap, and will tend to cause the cap totighten on the bristles.

In the embodimentof the supporting means shown in Figs. 1 to 3inclusive, when the invention is embodied in a hand brush, 18 in dicatesa brush head having'a handle 19. The

head has an anchoring member secured thereto andpreferably comprising aplate portion 20'hav1ng two converging flanges 21 projecting from therear face thereof and-secured to the head 18 preferably by producing twocon-,

verging abutments 22 on the head for engagement by the convergingflanges 21. The plate portion 20 lies in spaced relation to a surface 23on the head, and is provided with openings.

About these openings are rearwardly projectlng and flaring annularflanges 24 which act as seats for engaging the flanges of the caps ofthe group or tuft elements while the bottoms of the caps rest againstthe abutment surface 23, with the result that the group or tuft elementsmay turn in the anchoring member, and the flared seats of the lattertend to 7 force the flanges of the caps in tight engage-f ment with thecoils. Beyond each seat, each opening is surrounded by a flared wall 25which will engage a groupof bristles beyond the holding cap thereof.This flared portion acts to prevent the sharp bending of the coils bythe free edge of the cap and thus adds life to the coils by making themnot so liable to crystallization from bending. form, worn out groupelements may be replaced by shifting the anchoring member on the guidesof the brush head to remove the anchoring member with the group elementsthereon.

In the supporting means shown in Figs. 7

to 10 inclusive, the anchoring member is in With this the form of astrap or split band 26 on adrum or wheel formed, in this instance, bytwo disks 27 having abutting depressed central portions receivingbearing members 28 and held against'a collar or shoulder 29 on a shaft30 by a nut 31. By substituting members 28 having different sizedbearing openings,

shafts of different diameters may be'employed in connection with-thebrush;- The supporting disks 27 are also provided'betwe'en them withabutments 32 in the form of in wardl'y pressed annular ribs'againstwhich the caps of the group elements rest or abut and beyond theseabutment ribs 32 or adjacent the'margin'of'the wheel annular in-.

wardly presented shoulders 33 are provided tlesbeyond the caps. Thecoiled bristles are 7 of-ispecial advantage when used with abrush ofthis type forwhen the brush is rotated in a direction to carry theperipheral portion downwardly in, front of the'operative the 1 bristleshavea tendency to spring or snap V downwardly after beingengaged andplaced under lateral tension by a work piece, thus preventingcentrifugal force carrying the bristles back to the operative andpossibly injuring his eyes or face. V

' Inthe embodiment shown in Figs. 21 and 22, the holder embodies a stem36 having an" annular shoulder 37 against which abuts a cup shaped orflanged abutment member or holder 38. In this'holder is received ananchoring member in the form of a disk 39' formed with flaring seats 24for thecapsof the groups or tuft elements which abut'the holder .38,project through the opening of the anchoring member 39 and are supportedin their bristles beyond-the caps by the flaring portions25 about theopenings. The anchoring member 39 may be held to 'theholder 38 V byupsetting the end of theshaft 36 over the outer-face of the anchoringmember 39 after passing the shaft through the anchoring member;' i

From the foregoing it will be novel and effective abrading brush or toolhaving coiled bristles has been provided.

/Vhatl 'claim'as my invention and to secure by Letters Patent is: l 1.The combination with a tuft of coiled bristles, of a holding devicesurrounding the tuftand in the form of a cap forming a seen that a adesire band exteriorly compressed around-the tuft of brist'lestoclampthe same, said cap having a. marginal expanded portion adj acent the topWall of the cap into which the ends of the coils are laterally deflectedto spread the same, said top wall holdingthe endsof the coils undercompression.

2. The combination with a tuft of coiled bristles, of a holding devicesurrounding the tuft and in the form of a cap forming a band exteriorlycompressed around the tuft of bristles to clamp the same, said caphaving a marginal expanded .portion adjacent the top wall of the capinto which theends of the coils are laterally deflected to spread thesame, saidntop wall holding the ends of the coils under compression, andthe side Walls of the cap having an inwardly. tapering.

f curve below said expanded portion.

3. The combination with atuft of coiled wires, of a holding device forthe coilsin the formv of a cap including a top wall and a side wall andmade of sheet metal and forming a band exteriorly compressed around thebristles to clamp the same, said cap having its top wall holding theadjacent end portions of the coils under compression and" the side wallof the cap holding the sides of the tuft under greatest pressureawayfrom the extreme top ends. a

4; The combination with a tuft of coiled bristles,'of means for securingsaid bristles together at one end, comprising a band exteriorlycompressed-intermediate of its edges to clamp the bristles, said bandbeing ex panded between its compressed portion and.

the inner ends of the bristles, the inner ends being laterally deflectedand spread within the expanded portion of the band.

5. The combination with a tuft of coiled inner end of the band beingextended inward 1y over the ends of the bristles.

: 6. An abrading brush having bristles formed of two coils one withinthe other.

7 The combination with a tuft of coiled bristles and means for securingsaid bristles in close arrangement at one end, of an an-f choring memberhaving openings through which the tufts of bristles are passed, thewalls of'the openings engaging the bristles beyond said securing meansflaring out- Wardly. I

' 8. An abrading brush comprising a tuft of coiled bristles, means forsecuring said securing said bristles together at one end, and ananchoring member having a flared annular seat in which said taperedmeans is received and in which said tuft'has rotative movement. r

10. The combination with a tuft of bristles, and annular means securingsaid bristles together at one end, of an anchoring member having acircular opening in which said tuft is mounted to turn about an axisextending longitudinally of the tuft so that an equal wearing actiononthe tuft is obtained.

. 11. The combination with a support having an abutment, of ananchoringmember carried by the support and provided with an opening, the outerportion of the wall of which flares, a flared annular seat about theopening on the side next to the abutment, and a tuft of bristlesabutting the abutment, extending through the opening, and having anannular bristle holding means seated in the seat androtatable therein topermit the tuft of bristles toturn, the bristles beyond the holdingmeans being normally spaced from but .engageablev with the outer flaredportion of the wall of the opening.

12. An'abrading brush comprising a ring shaped bristle support havingopenings, a

" tuft of bristles extending through each of said openings, and two disklike members supporting the ring shaped bristle support and each havinga surface engaging thevinner end of thetufts of bristles in saidopenings, Y

' 13. An abrading brush comprising a rotatablemember, a tuft ofbristles, and means for .rotatably mounting said tuft of bristles in therotatable member on an axis radial to the rotatable member, whereby therotation of the said rotatable member may cause a rotation of the tuftof bristles when the latter is engaged with a surface.

- CHARLES E. STURGIS.

bristles together at one end, and a flared sur- I face surroundingsaid'tuft beyond said secured portions to prevent sharp bending of thecoils-adjacent their secured portions. 7

9. The combination with a tuft of bristles,

of annular means having a tapering portion

